Cryptographic tools
OpenPGP
Here's the Wikipedia page on PGP which has a chapter dedicated to OpenPGP.
In short, OpenPGP is a popular and widely used asymmetric cryptography standard described in the IETF's RFC 4880. OpenPGP key pairs can contain UserIDs and subkeys which can encrypt/decrypt or sign/verify data.
Keyoxide uses OpenPGP for both types of profiles: signature profiles and openpgp profiles.